Gum surgery, also known as periodontal surgery or gingival surgery, encompasses a variety of procedures aimed at treating gum diseases, reshaping gum tissue, and restoring the health and aesthetics of the gums. Here are some common types : 1) Gingivectomy is the surgical removal of gum tissue (gingiva). 2) Gingivoplasty is a procedure that reshapes and contours the gum tissue. 3) Gum grafting involves taking tissue from one area of the mouth (usually the palate) and grafting it onto another area, typically over receding gums. 4) Crown lengthening is a procedure to remove excess gum tissue and sometimes bone to expose more of a tooth's structure. 5) Periodontal flap surgery involves lifting the gums away from the teeth to access and clean deep pockets of tartar and bacteria. 6) A frenectomy is the removal of a frenulum, a small fold of tissue that connects the lips, cheeks, or tongue to the gums or other parts of the mouth.